Street Trees Through the Seasons - Columnar Hornbeam (Birch)

Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ (Compact Hornbeam) is in the Betulaceae family (another birch). It is a variety of a species native to Europe and Asia Minor.

The tree is deciduous, and key diagnostics include a distinct upright columnar to oval form, which broadens with age, and a short trunk. Leaves are alternate, simple, 2-4”, dull dark green, ovate-oblong, double serrate edges, acuminate ends, pale undersides, and bright yellow fall color. Flowers are insignificant tassels that occur in March (male flower is 1 ½” long, female flower is smaller and at the tip of current season twigs). Green fruiting catkin dries with age, producing seeds. Bark is smooth, thin, light brown to gray with blotchy markings and shallow furrows developing with age.


Carpinus betulus 'Fastigiata' - leaf shape and habit.
Tassel like female flowers are just forming at the tip.

Birch requires somewhat moist, well-drained soil. Columnar Hornbeam tolerates the coastal and inland conditions of Northern California.

Winter - bare, ascending branches reveal the columnar shape.	Spring - lovely fresh, green leaves shimmer and catch the light.
Summer - green leaves and attractive form.	Fall - brilliant yellow color.

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